Whether or not you can have a bird of prey feather is a fascinating question. Birds of prey, also known as raptors, include eagles, hawks, falcons, owls, and more. Their feathers play an important role in flight, hunting, and protection. However, it is generally illegal for members of the public to possess feathers and other parts from native wild birds in many countries. There are some exceptions though, so let’s take a closer look at the feasibility and legality of having a raptor feather.
Why Do Birds of Prey Have Specialized Feathers?
Birds of prey have evolved specialized feathers to aid them in hunting and survival. Here are some of the key functions of raptor feathers:
– Flight – Wings and tail feathers allow raptors to fly swiftly and gracefully to hunt prey or escape predators. The aerodynamic shape and stiffness of these feathers is important.
– Insulation – Downy underfeathers trap heat close to the body to maintain a high body temperature. This is crucial for raptors that live in cold climates.
– Water Resistance – The feather structure repels water, keeping the plumage dry and the bird buoyant while swimming. Fish-eating raptors like ospreys especially rely on this.
– Camouflage – Colored patterns blend a raptor into its environment, allowing it to stealthily approach prey. The barred pattern on a hawk’s chest mimics dappled sunlight through leaves.
– Communication – Markings on wings and tails signal territorial boundaries, breeding status, and hierarchy within raptor species.
– Defense – Raptors like secretarybirds use the sharp quills on their wings and tails as weapons to defend themselves.
Given their specialized nature, it’s no wonder many people desire to obtain raptor feathers. But first, let’s look at the legality.
Is It Legal to Have Raptor Feathers?
In general, possessing raptor feathers and parts is illegal without proper permits. Here’s a breakdown for different countries:
United States
The United States passed the Migratory Bird Treaty Act in 1918 to protect migratory birds, including native raptors like bald eagles and peregrine falcons. Under this law, it is illegal to possess any body parts, nests, or eggs of native wild birds without a proper permit. Violators face fines up to $15,000 and imprisonment.
However, there are a few exceptions. Native Americans may possess certain feathers for religious and cultural purposes. Falconers with proper state and federal falconry licenses may keep molted feathers. Accredited zoos, museums, and educational institutions can obtain permits to display carcasses and artifacts. Finding an old feather or roadkill does not automatically grant legal ownership either.
Canada
Much like the US, Canada also prohibits possessing migratory bird parts like feathers without authorization under the Migratory Birds Convention Act. Illegally having or selling raptor feathers can potentially lead to fines up to $250,000 CAD and 2 years imprisonment.
Yet recognized institutions like museums and scientists conducting research may qualify for legal access with proper permits. First Nations people may also possess feathers and parts for cultural heritage and religious practices.
United Kingdom
The UK also restricts possession of raptor feathers and parts under the Wildlife & Countryside Act 1981. All wild birds, their nests, and eggs are protected from take and sale. There are some exceptions for game birds. Penalties include potential unlimited fines and up to six months imprisonment.
However, old raptor feathers found before the 1981 law may be legal to possess, trade, and sell. Preserved specimens acquired when they were legal are also still allowed. Scientific or educational use may also qualify for legal permits and licenses in the UK.
European Union
The EU Birds Directive provides pan-European protections for wild birds, including raptors and their feathers. Member states implement national legislation aligned with this directive. There are exceptions for authorized hunting, taxidermy, and educational-scientific institutions to legally obtain specimens when properly registered and licensed.
Australia
All native Australian raptor species are protected under national and state conservation laws. Their feathers and eggs cannot be possessed without authorization. Fines for illegal possession are as high as $110,000 AUD in some jurisdictions.
Aboriginal communities may be granted legal exemptions for traditional cultural usage of feathers. Museums and researchers also require permits for feathers used in displays, archives, and science.
Purchasing Captive Raptor Feathers
While obtaining feathers from wild raptors is often illegal, you may be able to purchase captive raptor feathers in some instances. Here are a few potential sources:
– Captive Raptor Centers – Some zoos and avian conservation facilities sell molted captive raptor feathers from education birds in their on-site gift shops, often from eagles, owls, or falcons. This is a sustainable way to collect shed feathers.
– Falconry Suppliers – With the proper falconry licenses and permits, feathers from legally possessed captive raptors can be traded and sold. These are generally sold for practical use in the sport.
– Raptor Breeders – There are some commercial captive raptor breeding facilities that sell legally-obtained feathers worldwide. However, be cautious of unscrupulous sellers trafficking in illegal wildlife.
When sourcing feathers from captive raptors, carefully check all relevant regulations and the seller’s credentials. Though legal channels exist, restrictions still apply in many places.
Alternatives to Raptor Feathers
If possessing real raptor feathers is impractical or illegal where you live, here are some alternative options:
Legally-Sourced Bird Feathers
While raptor feathers are restricted, the feathers of other legally-hunted birds may be easier to acquire, such as pheasant, peacock, ostrich, turkey, or goose. Check your local laws first and always source ethically.
Faux Feathers
Artificial feathers can mimic raptor plumage with the right colors and textures. These realistic fabric or plastic feathers are a creative option for costuming, decor, and crafts.
Ethically Sourced Raptor Silhouettes
Some educational facilities sell cut-outs of raptor wing and tail silhouettes collected during routine raptor care. The feathers are not actual specimens but ethically-sourced outlines.
Photographs
Photographing a wild or captive raptor can beautifully capture its majestic feathers without collecting specimens. This makes a great alternative for artistic inspiration or education.
Conclusion
In summary, while possessing most wild raptor feathers is illegal, limited exceptions exist for certain indigenous groups, scientists, educators, and falconers. Purchasing molted feathers from properly licensed captive raptors provides a legal alternative in some areas. However, exercise caution when sourcing any wildlife materials. Where holding real raptor feathers is impractical, faux feathers, photos, and other alternatives offer creative substitutes for collection. By understanding and respecting the regulations that protect these magnificent birds and their remarkable feathers, we can safeguard raptors for future generations.